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Debate #212 · Other · Economics

Is Pakistan's chronic balance of payments deficit structural or a result of policy?

Asked 4 times · 3 years · Economics
This debate All debatesAsked beforeQuestions (4)Evidence (12)PositionsSame themeIs deficit-financed public spending justified for Pakistan's development?Does comparative advantage justify free trade over protection?Are Pakistan's worsening terms of trade the result of an unequal relationship with rich nations?
+2 moreHas development planning succeeded or failed in Pakistan?Does balanced or unbalanced growth better suit Pakistan?

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Examiners want: Causes of trade and BoP deficits, reserve volatility, Pakistan data, both structural and policy explanations, corrective measures

The questions

2021
CCE Sindh · Economics · Recommend

Explain balance of payment position of Pakistan. Also give reasons for disequilibrium in B.O.P. Suggest measures.

Pakistan linka way forwardcausesOutline itOpen the paper
(20)
2019
CSS · Economics · Recommend

What are the reasons for the adverse balance of trade in Pakistan? Suggest the possible measures to improve the balance of trade scenario of Pakistan.

Pakistan linka way forwardcausesoutlookOutline itOpen the paper
(20)
2019
CCE Sindh · Economics · Define

Pakistan is currently facing an acute shortage of foreign exchange reserves and historically Pakistan's foreign exchange reserves have remained highly volatile. What are major factors that affect foreign exchange reserve flows to a country like Pakistan?

Pakistan linkcausesimpactOutline itOpen the paper
2014
CSS · Economics · Recommend

Give the causes of deficit in balance of payment in Pakistan and suggest measures to correct the adverse balance of payment.

Pakistan linka way forwardcausesOutline itOpen the paper
(20)

Evidence you can cite

Nine-month remittances were roughly one-third larger than goods exports. (Jul-Mar FY2026)Derived from PESGoods imports: US$59.1 billion (FY2024-25)Pakistan Economic SurveyICT export remittances: US$3.388 billion ICT export remittances during Jul–Mar FY2026, up 19.7%. (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26Freelancer remittances (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26Freelancer remittances US$856.3m, up ~51%. (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic SurveyPakistan's total external debt and liabilities: US$ 137,558 million (provisional); US$ 136,027 million at 30-Jun-25 (31 March 2026)State Bank of Pakistan, Pakistan's External Debt and Liabilities - OutstandingUS goods trade balance with China: Exports $143,271.7 million; imports $440,319.4 million; balance -$297,047.7 million (2024)U.S. Census Bureau, Trade in Goods with ChinaPakistan's share of world merchandise exports: Share in world total exports: 0.12%; merchandise exports US$30,936 million; world rank 69 (2022)WTO, Trade Profiles 2023: PakistanICT export remittances: US$3.38 billion (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic SurveyICT export remittances (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic Survey / SBPICT trade surplus: ICT services generated a trade surplus of about US$2.911 billion. (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic Survey / SBPFreelancer remittances (Jul-Mar FY2026)Pakistan Economic Survey / SBP

Positions and chains

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News about this debate watches for: balance of payments, current account deficit, trade deficit, foreign exchange reserves, state bank of pakistan, remittances, imf, import bill, exports, oil imports, external financing.