Evidence
Cases pending in all courts of Pakistan
Source
Law and Justice Commission of Pakistan, Bi-Annual Report of Judicial Statistics, January to June 2026 — https://ljcp.gov.pk/SiteImage/Misc/files/Summary%20Bi%20Annual.pdf. Matched to the source page by an automated research pass on 6 Oct 2026; not yet checked by a person..
What it proves
With over two million cases pending, slow justice weakens the certainty of punishment that deterrence theory relies on.
judiciarycase backlogpendencydelayed justicecriminal justicerule of law