Causal chain · Criminology
Custodial justice → overcrowding → rehabilitation challenge
- Custodial justice
- overcrowding
- rehabilitation challenge
Core logic: High pretrial detention and overcrowding strengthen the case for differentiated/non-custodial responses.
Evidence in this chain
74,918 under-trial prisoners represented 73.41% of Pakistan's prison population in 2024. (2024)NCHRUnder-trial share rose from about 66% in 2017 to 73.41% in 2024. (2017-2024)NCHRPrisons operated at roughly 152.2% of official capacity in 2024. (2024)NCHRPunjab held 61,813 prisoners in facilities designed for 37,217. (2024)NCHRFour additional Punjab prisons added capacity for only 2,268 inmates against a much larger deficit. (2024)NCHRParole, probation, rehabilitation and diversion remain underused; community service absent in assessed system. (2024)NCHRNCHR recommends parole/probation, non-custodial sentencing and community service for suitable minor offences. (2024)NCHR3,646 death-row prisoners in 2024, up from 3,604 in 2023 and 3,226 in 2022. (2022-2024)NCHR2,329 Punjab death-row prisoners in 2024 were sentenced for murder. (2024)NCHR79 of 82 juveniles examined in Adiala Jail were under trial.NCHR29 of 82 juveniles lacked legal representation in NCHR Adiala investigation.NCHR75% of juveniles examined at Adiala had no father and came from highly impoverished backgrounds.NCHRAdiala housed 6,098 inmates despite capacity for 2,174 at time of investigation.NCHR