Geology

Discuss on the position of Earth in Solar system in the context that why life exists on earth. Also describe the methods through which the age of earth is determined.

Enlist various sub-branches of Stratigraphy and discuss significance of law of Superposition in particular, other principles of Stratigraphy in general.

What are the basis for classification of minerals? Describe any five physical properties along with their types which are frequently used for the identification of unknown minerals.

What is the relationship of Geological structures with Plate Tectonics? Why do the study of different Geological structures is important for various applications of Geology in civil work, petroleum exploration and mitigation of different Geological hazards?

Describe any Five igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks along with their uses. Describe the importance of Polarizing Microscope in identification of minerals and applications of petrographic studies.

Is there any relationship between Geophysics and Petroleum Geology? Describe any two branches of Geophysics which are used for mineral exploration.

What kind of metallic minerals are found in Pakistan? Enlist these along with their occurrence. Also discuss on the petroleum and coal potential of Sindh.

What is an Index fossil? Under what condition an organism becomes a fossil? Describe various processes and types of fossilization.