International Relations, Paper II

How did the ideological conflict between capitalism and communism shape the global political landscape during the Cold War, and what were its long-term impacts on international relations?

How has Pakistan's foreign policy evolved in response to its strategic alliances, regional security concerns, and its relationship with neighboring India, and what impact has this had on its global diplomatic standing?

How have the ongoing conflicts in Gaza, Syria, and the Israel-Palestine dispute shaped regional security dynamics in the Middle East, and what role do international actors play in either escalating or attempting to resolve these crises?

How did the rise of fascism, the failure of the League of Nations, and the economic instability of the 1930s contribute to the outbreak of World War II?

How did the U.S. and NATO's involvement in Afghanistan after the 2001 invasion affect the country's development, security, and governance, and what lessons can be learned from their withdrawal in 2021?

In what ways has China's foreign policy, particularly the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), influenced global power structures and its relations with countries in Africa, Asia and Europe?

How have global challenges like climate change, pandemics, and economic inequality influenced the development of a "New world order" and affected international cooperation in the 21st century?

Evaluate China's role in shaping the future of global technology and innovation, especially in areas like 5G, green energy, and digital currencies, and how might this affect the global balance of power?