Provide the key provisions of the 2020 Doha Agreement and critically analyze the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan. Evaluate whether the Doha framework functioned as a peace settlement, an exit strategy, or a negotiated surrender. Support your discussion with reference to power asymmetries, Afghan state capacity, and regional geopolitical calculations.

Critically analyse · 20 marks · 30 min

About 1200 words. The examiner marks against these:

• ☐ Give evidence
• ☐ Both sides
• ☐ A way forward

Debate: Was the 2020 Doha Agreement a peace settlement or a US exit deal?