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Section A Q. 1
(a) Describe various models of plasma membrane. Explain the more dynamic model with justification. [10] (b) Elaborate the extra nuclear organelles in eukaryotic cell with their functions. [10] (20)
Q. 2
(a) Elaborate different nuclear and extra nuclear cell organelles along with their functions. Draw the labelled diagrams also. [10] (b) Differentiate between reversible and irreversible enzymatic inhibition. [10] (20)
Section B Q. 3
(a) How the osmoregulation contributes in homeostasis? Describe process of osmoregulation in vertebrates. [10] (b) Write in detail the mechanisms of active membrane potential and resting membrane potential. Support the answer with suitable diagrams. [10] (20)
Q. 4
(a) Describe the mechanism of respiration in animals, write the role of different organs of respiratory system in detail. [10] (b) What are different organs involved in circulatory system? Write the cardiovascular mechanism comprehensively. [10] (20)
Section C Q. 6
(a) Discuss a case of mammalian embryo who has a blood type antigenically different from its mother. [10] (b) What is epistasis? Explain a pattern of epistatic gene interaction in humans. [10] (20)
Section D Q. 7
(a) How can genetic drift contribute to evolution? What are the causes of genetic drift? [10] (b) Why is the natural selection considered a primary mechanism of adaptive evolution? [10] (20)
Q. 8
(a) Which mechanisms provide raw materials for the process of natural selection to act upon? [10] (b) What is adaptive radiation? Explain a case example of adaptive radiation. [10] (20)
Q. 9
(a) How agroecosystems differ from natural ecosystems? What are the different types of agroecosystems? [10] (b) Describe a general model of nutrient cycling showing the primary reservoirs of nutrients. [10] (20)
Q. 10
(a) Differentiate between gaseous nutrient cycles and sedimentary cycles. [10] (b) Briefly describe the major steps in nitrogen cycle. [10] (20)