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Causal chain · Essay · Pakistan Affairs · Economics

Demographic potential → human capital/jobs → dividend

AC09 · 8 evidence cards

This chain

The chain Evidence (8)

1Demographic potential
2human capital/jobs
3dividend

Core logic: Youth is an opportunity only when converted through education, health, skills and jobs.

Evidence in this chain

NIPS estimate: population 252.09m in 2025; growth 2.07% annually. (2025)Pakistan Economic Survey 56.9% of population is aged 15-64. (2025)Pakistan Economic Survey Ages 15-29 constitute 26.56% of population. (2025)Pakistan Economic Survey Working-age population rose from ~159.8m in 2020-21 to 179.6m in 2024-25. (2020-21 to 2024-25)Pakistan Economic Survey Labour force rose from ~71.8m to 83.1m between 2020-21 and 2024-25. (2020-21 to 2024-25)Pakistan Economic Survey Employment rose ~67.25m to 77.2m, while unemployment rose 4.51m to 5.9m. (2020-21 to 2024-25)Pakistan Economic Survey Unemployment rose from 6.3% to 7.1%. (2020-21 to 2024-25)Pakistan Economic Survey Around 37% of Pakistanis aged 15-24 were NEET in World Bank poverty-assessment evidence. (2025)World Bank